Publications

Ausband, D. E. and M. S. Mitchell. 2021. The effect of group size on reproduction in cooperatively breeding gray wolves depends on density. Animal Conservation: 10.1111/acv.12701. PDF

Sells, S. N., M. S. Mitchell, K. M. Podruzny, J. A. Gude, A. C. Keever, D. K. Boyd, T. D. Smucker, A. A. Nelson, T. Parks, N. Lance, M. S. Ross, and R. M. Inman. 2021. Evidence of economical territory selection in a cooperative carnivore. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences 288: 20210108. PDF

Sells, S. N., and M. S. Mitchell. 2020. The economics of territory selection. Ecological Modelling 438: 109329. PDF

Loonam, K. E., D. E. Ausband, P. M. Lukacs, M. S. Mitchell, and H. S. Robinson. 2020. Estimating abundance of an unmarked, low-density species using cameras. The Journal of Wildlife Management 85:87 - 96. PDF

Bassing, S. B., D. E. Ausband, M. S. Mitchell, M. K. Schwartz, J. J. Nowak, G. C. Hale, and L. P. Waits. 2020. Immigration does not offset harvest mortality in groups of a cooperatively breeding carnivore. Animal Conservation 1 - 12. DOI: 10.1111/acv.12593. PDF

Sells, S. N., M. S. Mitchell, and J. A. Gude. 2020. Addressing disease risk to develop a health program for bighorn sheep in Montana in Structured Decision Making: Case Studies in Natural Resource Management, edited by M. C. Runge, S. J. Converse, J. E. Lyons, and D. R. Smith. Link

Ausband, D. E., S. B. Bassing, and M. S. Mitchell. 2020. Environmental and social factors influencing wolf (Canis lupus) howling behavior. Ethology 1 - 10. DOI: DOI: 10.1111/eth.13041. PDF

Stetz, J. B., M. S. Mitchell, and K. C. Kendall.  2019. Using spatially-explicit capture–recapture models to explain variation in seasonal density patterns of sympatric ursids. Ecography 42: 237–248. DOI: 10.1111/ecog.03556. PDF

Barker, K. J., M. S. Mitchell, and K. M. Proffitt.  2019.  Native forage mediates influence of irrigated agriculture on migratory behaviour of elk.  Journal of Animal Ecology DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12991. PDF

DeVoe, J. D., K. M. Proffitt, M. S. Mitchell, C. S. Jourdonnais, and K. J. Barker.  2019. Elk forage and risk tradeoffs during the fall archery season.  Journal of Wildlife Management 83:801-816. DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.21638. PDF

Bassing, S. B., D. E. Ausband, M. S. Mitchell, P. Lukacs, A. Keever, G. Hale, and L. Waits.  2018. Stable pack abundance and distribution in a harvested wolf population. The Journal of Wildlife Management; DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.21616. PDF

Barker, K. J., M. S. Mitchell, K. M. Proffitt, and J. D. DeVoe.  2018. Land management alters traditional nutritional benefits of migration for elk.  Journal of Wildlife Management. DOI: 10.1002:jwmg.21564. PDF

Mitchell, M. S., S. N. Sells, K. J. Barker, S. B. Bassing, A. C. Keever, S. C. Forshee, and J. W. Goerz.  2018.  Testing a priori hypotheses improves the reliability of wildlife research.  Journal of Wildlife Management.  DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.21568. PDF

Mitchell, M. S., S. N. Sells, S. B. Bassing, K. J. Barker, A. C. Keever, S. C. Forshee, and J. W. Goerz.  2018.  Explicitly reporting tests of hypotheses improves communication of science.  Journal of Wildlife Management.  DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.21461. PDF

Mitchell, M. S., H. Cooley, J. A. Gude, J. Kolbe, J. J. Nowak, K. M. Proffitt, S. N. Sells, and M. Thompson.  2018.  Distinguishing values from science in decision making: setting harvest quotas for mountain lions in western Montana.  Wildlife Society Bulletin DOI:10.1002/wsb.861. PDF

Lukacs, P. M., M. S. Mitchell, M. Hebblewhite, B. K. Johnson, H. Johnson, M. Kauffman, K. Proffitt, P. Zager, J. Brodie, K. Hersey, A. A. Holland, M. Hurley, S. McCorquodale, A. Middleton, M. Nordhagen, J. J. Nowak, D. P. Walsh, and P. J. White.  2018.  Factors influencing elk recruitment across ecotypes in the western United States.  Journal of Wildlife Management DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.21438.  PDF

Henderson, C. R., M. S. Mitchell, W. L. Myers, and G. P. Nelson.  2018.  Attributes of seasonal home range influence choice of migratory strategy in white-tailed deer.  Journal of Mammalogy 99:89-96.  PDF

Sells, S. N., S. B. Bassing, K. J. Barker, S. C. Forshee, A. C. Keever, J. W. Goerz, and M. S. Mitchell. 2018. Increased scientific rigor will improve reliability of research and effectiveness of management. Journal of Wildlife Management 82:485-494. DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.21413. PDF

Ausband, D.E., M.S. Mitchell, and L.P. Waits.  2017.  Effects of breeder turnover and harvest on group composition and recruitment in a social carnivore.  Journal of Animal Ecology.  DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12707.  PDF

Ausband, D. E., M. S. Mitchell, C. R. Stansbury, J. L. Stenglein, and L. P. Waits.  2017.  Harvest and group effects on pup survival in a  cooperative breeder. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 284: 20170580.  PDF

Borg., N. J., M. S. Mitchell, P. M. Lukacs, C. M. Mack, L. P. Waits, and P. R. Krausman.  2017.  Behavioral connectivity among bighorn sheep suggests potential for disease spread.  Journal of Wildlife Management 81:38-45.  PDF

Ausband, D. E., M. S. Mitchell, S. B. Bassing, M. Nordhagen, D. W. Smith, and D. R. Stahler.  2016. Dog days of summer: influences on decision of wolves to move pups.  Journal of Mammalogy 97:1282-1287.  PDF

Ausband, D. E., M. S. Mitchell, S. B. Bassing, A. Morehouse, D. W. Smith, and D. Stahler.  2016. Individual, group, and environmental influences on helping behavior in a social carnivore.  Ethology 122:1-10.  PDF

Eacker, D. R., M. Hebblewhite, K. M. Proffitt, B. S. Jimenez, M. S. Mitchell, and H. S. Robinson.  2016.  Landscape-level effects of risk factors on annual elk calf survival in a multiple carnivore system.  Journal of Wildlife Management 80:1345-1359.  PDF

Sells, S. N., M. S. Mitchell, V. L. Edwards, J. A. Gude, and N. J. Anderson.  2016.  Structured decision making for managing pneumonia epizootics in bighorn sheep.  Journal of Wildlife Management 80:957-969.  PDF

Morgan Henderson, M., M. Hebblewhite, M. S. Mitchell, J. B. Stetz, K. C. Kendall, and R. G. Carlson.  2015.  Modeling multi-scale resource selection for bear rub trees in Northwestern Montana.  Ursus 26:28-39. PDF

Robinson, H., T. Ruth, J. A. Gude, D. Choate, R. DeSimone, M. Hebblewhite, K. Kunkel, M. R. Matchett, M. S. Mitchell, K. Murphy, and J. Williams.  2015.  Linking resource selection and mortality modeling for population estimation of mountain lions in Montana.  Ecological Modelling  312:11-15. PDF

Sells, S. N., M. S. Mitchell, J. J. Nowak, P. M. Lukacs, N. J. Anderson, J. M. Ramsey, and J. A. Gude.  2015.  Modeling risk of pneumonia epizootics in bighorn sheep.  Journal of Wildlife Management 79:195-210. PDF

Robinson, H. S., R. DeSimone, C. Hartway, J. A. Gude, M. J. Thompson, M. S. Mitchell and M. Hebblewhite.  2014.  A test of the compensatory mortality hypothesis in mountain lions:  a management experiment in west-central Montana.  Journal of Wildlife Management 78:791-807. PDF

Zimova, M., L. S. Mills, P. M. Lukacs, and M. S. Mitchell.  2014 Snowshoe hares display limited phenotypic plasticity to mismatch in seasonal camouflage.  Proceedings of the Royal Society B 281:20140029. PDF

Ausband, D. E., L. N. Rich, E. M. Glenn, M. S. Mitchell, P. Zagar, D. A.W. Miller, L. P. Waits, B. B. Ackerman, C. M. Mack. 2014. Monitoring Gray Wolf Populations Using Multiple Suvey Methods. The Journal of Wildlife Management 78(2):335-346. PDF

Runge, M. C., J. B. Grand, and M. S. Mitchell.  2013.  Structured decision making.  Pages 51-72 in P.R. Krausman and J.W. Cain III, editors.  Wildlife Management and Conservation:  Contemporary Principles and Practices.  The Johns Hopkins University Press. PDF

McCall, B. S., M. S. Mitchell, M. K. Schwartz, J. Hayden, S. Cushman, and W. Kasworm.  2013.  Combined use of mark-recapture and genetic analyses reveals response of a black bear population to changes in food productivity.  Journal of Wildlife Management 77:1572-1582. PDF

Rich, L. N., R. E. Russell, E. M. Glenn, M. S. Mitchell, J. A. Gude, K. M. Podruzny, C. A. Sime, K. Laudon, D. E. Ausband, and J. D. Nichols. 2013. Estimating occupancy and predicting numbers of gray wolf packs in Montana using hunter surveys. Journal of Wildlife Management 77:1280–1289. PDF

Ausband, D. E., M. S. Mitchell, S. B. Bassing, and C. White.  2013.  No trespassing: using a biofence to manipulate wolf movements.  Wildlife Research 40:207-216. PDF

Newby, J. R., L. S. Mills, T. K. Ruth, D. H. Pletscher, M. S. Mitchell, H. B. Quigley, K. M. Murphy, and R. DeSimone.  2013.  Human-caused mortality influences spatial population dynamics: pumas in landscapes with varying mortality risks.  Biological Conservation 159:230-239. PDF

Brodie, J., H. Johnson, M. S. Mitchell, P. Zager, K. Proffitt, M. Hebblewhite, M. Kauffman, B. Johnson, J. Bissonette, C. Bishop, J. Gude, J. Herbert, K. Hersey, M. Hurley, P. M. Lukacs, S. McCorquodale, E. McIntire, J. Nowak, H. Sawyer, D. Smith, and P.J. White.  2013.  Relative influence of human harvest, carnivores, and weather on adult female elk survival across western North America.  Journal of Applied Ecology 50:295–305. PDF

Miller, D. A. W, J. D. Nichols, J. A. Gude, L. N. Rich, K. M. Podruzny, J. E. Hines, and M. S. Mitchell.  2013.  Determining Occurrence Dynamics when False Positives Occur: Estimating the Range Dynamics of Wolves from Public Survey Data.  PLoS ONE 8(6): e65808. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0065808. PDF

Mitchell, M. S., J. A. Gude, N. Anderson, J. Ramsey, M. Thompson, M. Sullivan, V. Edwards, C. Gower, J. F. Cochrane, E. Irwin, and T. Walshe.  2013.  Using structured decision making to manage disease risk for Montana wildlife. Wildlife Society Bulletin 37:107-114. PDF

Mitchell, M. S., and R. A. Powell.  2012.  Foraging optimally for home ranges.  Journal of Mammalogy 93:917-928. PDF

Powell, R. A., and M. S. Mitchell.  2012.  What is a home range?  Journal of Mammalogy 93:948-958. PDF

Ruprecht, J. S., D. E. Ausband, M. S. Mitchell, E. O. Garten, and P. Zager.  2012.  Homesite attendance based on sex, breeding status, and number of helpers in gray wolf packs.  Journal of Mammalogy 93:1001–1005. PDF

Rich, L. N., M. S. Mitchell, J. A. Gude, and C. A. Sime.  2012.  Anthropogenic mortality, intraspecific competition, and prey availability influence territory sizes of wolves in Montana.  Journal of Mammalogy 93: 722-731. PDF

Hammond, C. A., M., M. S. Mitchell, and G. N. Bissell. 2012. Territory occupancy by common loons in response to disturbance, habitat, and intraspecific relationships.  Journal of Wildlife Management 76:645-651. PDF

Mitchell, M. S., and M. Hebblewhite.  2012.  Carnivore habitat ecology: integrating theory and application.  In Boitani and Powell, editors, Carnivore ecology and conservation: a handbook of techniques.  Oxford University Press, London, UK. PDF

Gude, J. A., M. S. Mitchell, R. E. Russell, C. A. Sime, E. E. Bangs, L. D. Mech, and R. R. Ream.  2012.  Wolf population dynamics in U.S. northern Rocky Mountains are affected by recruitment and human-caused mortality.  Journal of Wildlife Management 76:108-118. PDF

Ausband, D. E. , J. Skrivseth, and M. S. Mitchell. 2011. An automated device for provoking and capturing wildlife calls. Wildlife Society Bulletin 35:498-503. PDF

Ausband, D. E., J. Young, B. Fannin, M. S. Mitchell, J. L. Stenglein, L. P. Waits, and J. A. Shivik. 2011. Hair of the dog: obtaining samples from coyotes and wolves noninvasively. Wildlife Society Bulletin 35:105-111. PDF

Kie, J. G., J. Matthiopoulis, J. Fieberg, R. A. Powell, F. Cagnacci, M. S. Mitchell, J. Gaillard, and P. R. Moorcroft.  2010.  The home range concept: are traditional estimators still relevant with modern telemetry technology?  Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 365:2221-2231. PDF

Beyer, H. L., D. T. Haydon, J. M. Morales, J. L. Frair, M. Hebblewhite, M. S. Mitchell, and J. Matthiopoulos.  2010.  The interpretation of habitat preference metrics under use-availability designs.  Philosphical Transactions of the Royal Society B 365:2245-2254. PDF

Ausband, D. E., M. S. Mitchell, K. Doherty, P. Zager, C. M. Mack, and J. Holyan.  2010.  Surveying predicted rendezvous sites to monitor gray wolf populations.  Journal of Wildlife Management 74:1043-1049. PDF

Mitchell, M.S., J. A. Gude, D. E. Ausband, C. A. Sime, E. E. Bangs, M. D. Jimenez, C. M. Mack, T. J. Meier, M. S. Nadeau, and D. W. Smith. 2010. Temporal validation of an estimator for successful breeding pairs of wolves Canis lupus in the U.S. northern Rocky Mountains Wildlife Biology 16: 101-106. PDF

Jolley, D. B., S. S. Ditchkoff, B. D. Sparklin, L. B. Hanson, M. S. Mitchell, and J. B. Grand.  2010.  Estimate of herpetofauna depredation by a population of wild pigs.  Journal of Mammalogy 91:519-524. PDF

Gude, J. A., M. Mitchell, D.E. Ausband, C. A. Sime and E. E. Bangs.  2009.  Internal validation of predictive logistic regression models for decision-making in wildlife management.  Wildlife Biology 15:352-369. PDF

Mitchell, M. S., L. B. Pacifici, J. B. Grand, and R. A. Powell. 2009. Contributions of vital rates to growth of a protected population of American black bears. Ursus 20:77-84. PDF

Hanson, L. B., M. S. Mitchell, J. B. Grand, D. B. Jolley, B. D. Sparklin, and S. S. Ditchkoff. 2009. Effect of experimental manipulation on survival and recruitment of feral pigs. Wildlife Research 36:185-191. PDF

Sharp, N. W., M. S. Mitchell, and J. B. Grand. 2009.  Sources, sinks, and spatial ecology of cotton mice in longleaf pine stands undergoing restoration. Journal of Mammalogy 90:1440-1448. PDF

Sparklin, B. D., M. S. Mitchell, L. B. Hanson, D. B. Jolley, and S. S. Ditchkoff. 2009. Territoriality of feral pigs in a highly persecuted population on Fort Benning, Georgia. Journal of Wildlife Management 73:497-502. PDF

Mitchell, M. S., and R. A. Powell. 2008. Estimated home ranges can misrepresent habitat relationships on patchy landscapes. Ecological Modelling 216:409-414. PDF

Mitchell, M. S., D. E. Ausband, C. A. Sime, E. E. Bangs, M. Jimenez, C. M. Mack, T. J. Meier, M. S. Nadeau, and D. W. Smith. 2008. Estimation of successful breeding pairs for wolves in the U.S. northern Rocky Mountains. Journal of Wildlife Management. 72:881-891. PDF

Mitchell, M. S., Reynolds-Hogland, M. J., Smith, M. L., Wood, P. B., Beebe, J. A., Keyser, P. D., Loehle, C., Reynolds, C. J., Van Deusen, P., and White, D., Jr. 2008. Projected long-term response of southeastern birds to forest management. Forest Ecology and Management 256(2008):1884 1896. PDF

Hanson, L. B., J. B. Grand, M. S. Mitchell, D. B. Jolley, B. D. Sparklin, and S. S. Ditchkoff. 2008. Change-in-ratio density estimator for feral pigs is less biased than closed mark–recapture estimates. Wildlife Research 35:695–699. PDF

Reynolds-Hogland, M.J., J.S. Hogland, M.S. Mitchell. 2008. Evaluating intercepts from demographic models to understand resource limitation and thresholds. Ecological Modeling, 211:424-432. PDF

Reynolds-Hogland, M. J., L. B. Pacifici, and M. S. Mitchell. 2007. Linking resources with demography to understand resource limitation for bears. Journal of Applied Ecology, 44:1166-1175. PDF

Mitchell, M. S., and R. A. Powell. 2007. Optimal use of resources structures home ranges and spatial distribution of black bears. Animal Behaviour, 74:219-230. PDF

Reynolds-Hogland, M. J., and M. S. Mitchell. 2007. Effects of roads on habitat quality for bears in the Southern Appalachians: a long term study.  Journal of Mammalogy, 88:1050-1061. PDF

Reynolds-Hogland, M. J., M. S. Mitchell, R. A. Powell, and D. C. Brown. 2007 Selection of den sites by black bears in the Southern Appalachians. Journal of Mammalogy, 88(4):1062-1073. PDF

Reynolds-Hogland, M. J., and M. S. Mitchell. 2007. Three axes of ecological studies: Matching process and time in landscape ecology. IN J. A. Bissonette and I. Storch (eds) Temporal Dimensions of Landscape Ecology: Wildlife Responses to Variable Resources. Springer, New York. 10:174-194. PDF

Saalfeld, S. T., S. S. Ditchkoff, J. J. Ozoga, and M. S. Mitchell. 2007. Seasonal variation in sex ratios provides developmental advantages in white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus. Canadian Field-Naturalist 121:412-419. PDF

Loehle, C., P. Van Deusen, T. B. Wigley, M. S. Mitchell, S. H. Rutzmoser, J. Aggett, J. A. Beebe, and M. L. Smith. 2006. A Method for Landscape Analysis of Forestry Guidelines Using Bird Habitat Models and the Habplan Harvest Scheduler. Forest Ecology and Management 232:56-67. PDF

Reynolds-Hogland, M. J., and M. S. Mitchell. 2006. Spatio-temporal availability of soft mast in clearcuts in the Southern Appalachians. Forest Ecology and Management 237: 103-114. PDF

Mitchell, M. S., S. H. Rutzmoser, T. B. Wigley, C. Loehle, J. A. Gerwin, P. D. Keyser, R. A. Lancia, R. W. Perry, C. J. Reynolds, R. E. Thill, R. Weih, D. White, Jr., P. Bohall Wood. 2006. Relationships between avian richness and landscape structure at multiple scales using multiple landscapes. Forest Ecology and Management 221:155-169. PDF

Brongo, L. L., M. S. Mitchell, and J. B. Grand. 2005. Long-term analysis of survival, fertility, and population growth rate of black bears in North Carolina. Journal of Mammalogy 86:1029-1035. PDF

Brongo, L. L., M. S. Mitchell, and J. B. Grand. 2005. Effects of trapping with bait on bait-station indices of black bear abundance. Wildlife Society Bulletin 33:1357-1361. PDF

Mitchell, M. S., and R. A. Powell. 2004. A mechanistic home range model for optimal use of spatially distributed resources. Ecological Modelling. 177:209-232. PDF

Mitchell, M. S. and R. A. Powell. 2003. Response of black bears to forest management in the southern Appalachian Mountains. Journal of Wildlife Management 67:692-705. PDF

Mitchell, M. S., J. W. Zimmerman, and R. A. Powell. 2002. Test of a habitat suitability index for black bears. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 30: 794-808. PDF

Mitchell, M. S., and R. A. Powell. 2002. Linking fitness landscapes with the behavior and distribution of animals. In Bissonette, J. A., and I. Storch, editors, Landscape ecology and resource management: linking theory with practice. Island Press. PDF

Mitchell, M. S., R. A. Lancia, and J. A. Gerwin. 2001. Using landscape-level data to predict the distribution of birds on a managed forest: effects of scale. Ecological Applications 11:1692-1708. PDF

Wigley, T. B., M. S. Mitchell, P. C. Van Deusen, and R. A. Lancia. 2001. Tools for Blending Economic and Ecological Objectives on Private Forestlands. Invited Paper. Transactions of the 66th North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference: 61-76. PDF

Lancia, R. A., J. A. Gerwin, M. S. Mitchell, W. M. Baughman, and T. B. Wigley. 2000. Avian diversity on an intensively-managed, industrial forest in South Carolina: the Westvaco example. Fragmentation 2000: a conference on sustaining private forests in the 21st century.

Wigley, T. B., W. M. Baughman, M. E. Dorcas, J. A. Gerwin, J. W. Gibbons, D. C. Guynn, Jr., R. A. Lancia, Y. A. Leiden, M. S. Mitchell, K. R. Russell. 2000. Contributions of intensively managed forests to the sustainability of wildlife communities in the south. Sustaining Southern Forests: the Science of Forest Assessment. PDF

Powell, R.A. and M.S. Mitchell. 1998. Topographical constraints and home range quality. Ecography 21:337-341. PDF

Mitchell, M. S., R. A. Lancia, and E. J. Jones. 1996. Use of insecticide to control destructive activity of ants during trapping of small mammals. Journal of Mammalogy 77:1107-1113. PDF

Mitchell, M. S., K. S. Karriker, E. J. Jones, and R. A. Lancia. 1995. Small mammal communities associated with pine plantation management of pocosins. The Journal of Wildlife Management 59:875-881. PDF

Clark, M. K., M. S. Mitchell, and K. S. Karriker. 1993. Notes on the geographical and ecological distribution of relict population of Synaptomys cooperi (Rodentia: Arvicolidae) from Eastern North Carolina. Brimleyana 19:155-168. PDF